六五环境日前夕，生态环境部发布《2019中国生态环境状况公报》（以下简称“《公报》”）。公报重点介绍了2019年大气、淡水、海洋、土地、自然生态、声环境、辐射、气候变化与自然灾害、基础设施与能源状况。

生态环境部生态环境监测司司长柏仇勇在2日召开的例行新闻发布会上说，近年来我国生态环境总体改善，蓝天越来越多，水质越来越清，生态越来越美。

公报显示，全国生态环境质量总体改善，环境空气质量改善成果进一步巩固，水环境质量持续改善，海洋环境状况稳中向好，土壤环境风险得到基本管控，生态系统格局整体稳定，核与辐射安全有效保障。

大气环境方面， 337个地级及以上城市平均优良天数比例为82.0%；PM2.5年平均浓度为36微克/立方米，同比持平。PM10年平均浓度为63微克/立方米，同比下降1.6%。

淡水环境方面，全国地表水Ⅰ—Ⅲ类水质断面比例为74.9%，同比上升3.9个百分点；劣Ⅴ类断面比例为3.4%，同比下降3.3个百分点。

海洋环境方面，海水质量状况持续改善，典型海洋生态系统健康状况基本稳定，入海河流水质状况有所提升，海洋功能区环境满足使用要求。

土地方面，截至2019年底，全国耕地按质量平均等级为4.76等。其中，评价为一至三等的耕地面积为6.32亿亩，占耕地总面积的31.24%；评价为四至六等的耕地面积为9.47亿亩，占耕地总面积的46.81%；评价为七至十等的耕地面积为4.44亿亩，占耕地总面积的21.95%。

气候变化与自然灾害方面， 2019年，全国平均气温10.34摄氏度，比常年偏高0.79摄氏度。全国平均降水量645.5毫米，比常年偏多2.5%。全国未发生大范围流域性暴雨洪涝灾害，总体上比常年偏轻。旱情比常年偏轻。

经初步核算，2019年，单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2018年降低4.1%，完成年度预期目标。

China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) released a Report on the State of the Ecology and Environment in China 2019. The report highlights both improvements and problems in such areas as air quality, fresh water, oceans, land and ecological environment, and calls for more efforts to protect blue skies, clean water and fertile soil.

"In recent years, the ecology and environment of our country has been improving. There have been more blue-sky days, better water quality and more beautiful ecotopes," said Bai Qiuyong, a senior official from the MEE.

Air quality continued to improve, with 337 cities at and above the prefecture-level reporting blue-sky days 82 percent of the year. The annual average density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is  36μg/m³, the same as the level in the previous year, and that of PM10 registers 63μg/m³, a 1.6 percent drop over the previous year.

Surface water quality for the most part continued to improve. 74.9 percent of surface water is graded Class Ⅰ—Ⅲ (good quality) last year, up 3.9 percentage points from 2018, while that of Class V fell to 3.4 percent from 6.7 percent in 2018.

Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP fell 4.1 percent in 2019 from the previous year, meeting the country's annual target, according to the report.

Considering lucid waters and lush mountains as invaluable assets, China has made great strides in tackling pollution and shifting to an environmentally friendly development path.