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生态环境部5月7日发布的2019年全国生态环境质量简况显示，全国生态环境质量总体改善，环境空气质量改善成果进一步巩固，水环境质量持续改善，海洋环境状况稳中向好，土壤环境风险得到基本管控，生态系统格局整体稳定，环境风险态势保持稳定。

图片来源：央视新闻

简况显示，全国337个地级及以上城市PM2.5浓度为36微克/立方米，同比持平；PM10浓度为63微克/立方米，同比下降1.6%；平均优良天数比例为82.0%。

按照环境空气质量综合指数评价，168个重点城市中，环境空气质量相对较差的20个城市依次是安阳、邢台、石家庄、邯郸、临汾、唐山、太原、淄博、焦作、晋城、保定、济南、聊城、新乡、鹤壁、临沂、洛阳、枣庄、咸阳和郑州；环境空气质量相对较好的20个城市依次是拉萨、海口、舟山、厦门、黄山、福州、丽水、贵阳、深圳、台州、雅安、惠州、遂宁、珠海、昆明、张家口、南宁、温州、内江和广安。

根据简况，1940个国家地表水考核断面中，Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水质断面比例为74.9%，同比上升3.9个百分点；劣Ⅴ类为3.4%，同比下降3.3个百分点。

长江、黄河、珠江、松花江、淮河、海河、辽河七大流域和浙闽片河流、西北诸河、西南诸河监测的1610个水质断面中，Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水质断面比例为79.1%，同比上升4.8个百分点。

土壤方面，全国农用地土壤环境状况总体稳定。影响农用地土壤环境质量的主要污染物是重金属，其中镉为首要污染物。

经初步核算，2019年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放同比降低4.1%，完成年度预期目标。

China saw progress in ecological environment protection as the quality of air, surface water and oceans improved in 2019, according to the 2019 national ecological environment quality report released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on May 7.

Forty-three common redshanks, or sandpipers, were spotted in Qinghuahai National Wetland Park in Baoshan, Yunnan province, recently. [Photo/China Daily]

The share of good air quality days in China's 337 cities at or above the prefecture level hit 82 percent in 2019, said the report.

Meanwhile, the impact of the heavily polluted weather mitigated in 2019, with a notable decrease in the peak concentration, pollution intensity, duration and impact scope, compared with previous years, it noted.

According to the report, the share of surface water with a good quality rating at grade III or above was up 3.9 percentage points year on year, while the worst-rated water quality decreased by 3.3 percentage points over the last year.

Improvement was also seen in nationwide rivers and lakes. The proportion of major rivers with a good water quality increased by 4.8 percentage points in 2019.