中国环境与发展国际合作委员会（简称国合会）于2018年启动了绿色转型与可持续社会治理专题政策研究项目，该项目已完成一期研究，并向中国政府提交了相关政策建议。

The China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) launched the Special Policy Study (SPS) Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance in 2018. The SPS has completed the first phase of its policy study and submitted the policy recommendations to the Chinese government.

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第一期研究简介

（Introduction of the First Phase of the Study ）

目前正在开展的是该专题政策研究项目的第二期研究，主要目标是

The second phase of the SPS is now underway and it focuses on the following items:

研究可持续消费国家战略，将推动形成可持续生产与消费方式和推动高质量发展相结合；

study the national strategy of sustainable consumption, combining sustainable production and consumption patterns with high-quality development;

提出“十四五”期间绿色消费的目标、任务和主要方式；

put forward the goals, tasks and main approaches of green consumption during the 14th Five-Year Plan period;

建立绿色消费指标体系和评估方法；

establish the index system and evaluation methods of green consumption;

定量分析可持续消费对绿色经济转型的贡献；

decode how sustainable consumption contributes to green economic transformation via quantitative analysis;

分析政府采购对绿色商品和服务的促进作用；

analyze how government procurement promotes green goods and services;

开展汽车行业绿色消费与生产政策、绿色电力市场改革、绿色建筑政策、绿色物流（电商）政策、数字化低碳生活方式和垃圾焚烧生态设计政策等案例研究。

conduct case studies of policies, such as consumption and production in the automobile industry, green electricity market reform, green construction, green logistics (e-commerce), digital low-carbon lifestyles and environmentally-friendly waste incineration.

随着全国疫情防控形势持续向好，经济社会发展亟待通过消费注入信心与动力，各地政府、电商等纷纷依托各类数字化平台发放“消费券”以刺激消费。

As the COVID-19 epidemic wanes in China, expanding consumer spending has become an urgent need for economic recovery and social development. Many local governments and e-commerce businesses have started to offer vouchers via digital platforms to boost consumption.

在此背景下，近日，国合会绿色转型与可持续社会治理专题政策研究组建议，可以通过把“绿色”有关的要素融入到各类“电子消费券”中，在推动经济回暖及发展的同时，促进绿色低碳和可持续发展。

Against this backdrop, the CCICED Special Policy Studies on Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance recently proposed that the vouchers' design could integrate some "green" elements, so as to revive the economy while promoting green, low-carbon and sustainable development.

同时，政府可制定用于识别绿色商家和消费行为的通用标准、进一步拓展数字化生活平台的功能，以支持“绿色消费券”及相关配套措施的推出，从而打造线上绿色消费的新热点，促进疫情过后经济的全面可持续发展。

Accordingly, governments can formulate general standards to identify green consumer behaviors and businesses, and further expand the functions of the digital platforms, in order to support "green consumption vouchers" with a coordinated set of measures. The goal is to create new hotspots of online green consumption and promote comprehensive and sustainable economic development after the epidemic.

“例如，给予购买绿色认证的商品或在绿色认证的商家消费以更多的优惠支持；或对公众的绿色低碳行为（如垃圾分类，绿色出行等）奖励‘绿色积分’、‘碳积分’，并且这些积分可用于兑换更多的消费券。”国合会绿色转型与可持续社会治理专题政策研究组副组长张建宇说。

"For example, we would provide more preferential support for those buying products or spending at businesses certified as 'green'," said Zhang Jianyu, deputy team leader of the CCICED SPS on Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance. "In addition, we can reward the citizens who behave in a green and low-carbon way (such as garbage sorting and green travel) with 'green credits' or 'carbon credits', which could be used to exchange for more vouchers."

5月9日，张建宇在接受采访时说，绿色消费券是指融入了绿色、环保、低碳要素的消费券，与普通消费券相比，绿色消费券可以在刺激消费及整体经济复苏的同时，提升消费者对绿色低碳以及经济可持续发展的认知，为践行低碳环保的绿色商户或厂家等经济实体提供更多的支持。

In an interview on May 9, Zhang said that green consumption vouchers refer to coupons which take into consideration environmental protection and low-carbon approaches. Compared with ordinary vouchers, green ones can raise consumers' awareness of green, low-carbon and sustainable economic development, and provide more incentives to those businesses embracing green and low-carbon goods and services while stimulating consumption and overall economic recovery.

推行绿色消费券恰逢其时

Green consumption vouchers: Is now the time?

受此次新冠肺炎疫情影响，国内需要重振经济，当下提出推行绿色消费券的建议时机是否成熟？

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, China needs to revitalize the economy. Is the time ripe for implementing the proposal of green consumption vouchers?

张建宇在采访中表示，消费目前已经成为拉动我国经济增长的主要动力，且此次疫情在一定程度上引发了公众对于人与自然的关系的反思、以及人类可持续发展问题的思考，也让更多的人在关注刺激经济复苏的同时，开始探讨如何确保经济高质量、可持续发展。因此，推行绿色消费券、倡导绿色低碳生活理念的工作恰逢其时。

In the interview, Zhang pointed out that consumption has become the main driver of China's economic growth. To some extent, the epidemic has triggered a public reflection on the relationship between humanity and nature, as well as the issue of sustainable development. It has also made more people ponder the route to high-quality and sustainable economic development while also considering how to stimulate economic recovery. Therefore, it is the right time to promote green consumption vouchers and the concept of green and low-carbon lives.

据张建宇介绍，目前，我国部分碳交易试点地区开展了形式多样的以“碳积分”为主要奖励形式的“碳普惠”项目，在识别并核算公众的日常绿色、低碳行为减排量的基础上，奖励对应的碳积分。

According to Zhang, at present various forms of "carbon benefits" projects have been carried out in some carbon trading pilot areas, with "carbon credits" as the main reward. By identifying and counting the emissions reduced through their daily green and low-carbon behavior, participants will be rewarded with corresponding credits.

张建宇认为，此类项目从一定程度上对于提升公众绿色消费意识以及对气候变化问题的认知有重要的意义，是今后依托数字化平台系统化推动绿色消费工作的有益借鉴并打下了良好的基础。

Zhang said such projects are of great significance in enhancing public awareness of green consumption and climate change. It is a useful reference and has laid a good foundation for systematically promoting green consumption on digital platforms in the future.

不过，各大电商平台在推出消费券、优惠券的过程中还没有以“绿色消费”概念单独设计对应的功能模块或者进行宣传。

However, in the process of launching consumer vouchers, major e-commerce platforms have not separately designed the corresponding functionality or advertised them with the concept of "green consumption".

“目前，中国各地基本均依托各类数字化生活平台（支付宝、微信等）进行线上消费券发放。据不完全统计，支付宝和微信支付的用户均已超过10亿人，形成了广覆盖、多功能的数字化生活网络。”张建宇表示，希望借助发放绿色消费券的契机，促使现有的平台在其已有的业务模块中加入绿色低碳的元素。例如，依托平台建立“绿色商家联盟”、设置“绿色产品”以及个人“绿色消费”行为等多种识别认证等功能，引导公众消费行为向“绿色”转型。

"Nowadays, consumption vouchers are basically released on digital platforms (such as Alipay and WeChat) around China. According to incomplete statistics, the users of Alipay and WeChat Pay number more than 1 billion, which forms a digital network of wide coverage and multi-functionality," said Zhang. He hopes that the distribution of green consumption vouchers could engage these existing platforms in incorporating green and low-carbon elements into their existing business modules. For example, establish a "green business alliance" relying on the platforms, set up multi-functional systems to certificate "green products" and personal "green consumption", and guide public consumption behavior towards sustainability.

各地消费券的发放亟待注入“绿色”要素

Releasing consumption vouchers should incorporate "green" elements

2018年，国合会确定成立创新与可持续生产和消费专题政策研究组。根据总体研究计划，2018-2019年度，专题政策研究组重点开展了绿色转型与可持续社会治理专题研究。专题政策研究组发现，自3月初以来，浙江、江苏、广东、北京以及湖北等地区陆续开始以依托包括支付宝、微信等在内的各种数字化平台以发放“消费券”的形式刺激居民消费，对刺激经济复苏有明显的“乘数效应”。

In 2018, CCICED launched a task force on Innovation and Sustainable Production and Consumption. In accordance with the overall research plan, the task force conducted a Special Policy Study (SPS) on "Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance" in 2018-2019. The task force found that since the beginning of March, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Beijing, and Hubei have successively begun to bolster residents' consumption by issuing "consumption vouchers" on various digital platforms, including Alipay and WeChat, which has an obvious "multiplier effect" on stimulating economic recovery.

不过，从短期来看，虽然一系列“消费券”的发放在一定程度上带动了地方经济的回暖，但是在对各地政策进行总结分析后发现，当前的消费券虽然种类繁多、各具特色，但是尚未有地方在消费券有关政策的设计中将可持续发展的绿色理念纳入其中，也并未体现社会、环境、安全效益等具有长期效应的考量元素。事实上，在促进消费、重振经济的过程中，“绿色消费”理念早已出现在官方文件中。

After analyzing the local policies, the study found that the current consumption vouchers are of great variety and have different characteristics, and the multiple rounds of "consumption vouchers" have accelerated local economy recovery to a certain extent. However, neither the concept of sustainable development nor consideration of long-term effects – social or environmental —  have been put into the policy design of local vouchers. But in fact, in the process of boosting consumption and resuscitating the economy, the concept of "green consumption" has long been written in the official documents.

2020年3月，国家发改委等23个部委联合印发了《关于促进消费扩容提质，加强形成强大国内市场的实施意见》，其中提出“鼓励使用绿色智能产品，以绿色产品供给、绿色公交设施建设、节能环保建筑以及相关技术创新等为重点推进绿色消费，创建绿色商场”。

In March 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission and 22 other ministries jointly issued a document about promoting consumption expansion and quality improvements to form a strong domestic market, which proposed to "encourage green smart products, promote green consumption that focuses on the supply of green products, the construction of green public transport facilities, environmentally-friendly buildings and related technological innovations, and create green shopping malls".

为此，专题政策研究组建议，各级政府结合地区经济发展实际情况，统一设定不同行业“绿色商家”的评价标准，并且在数字平台上成立“绿色安心商家联盟”，公示商家的防疫安全措施及其在推动绿色消费方面采取的相关措施，做到信息公开透明，让消费者放心。

To this end, the research team proposes that governments at all levels should set the evaluation criteria for "green businesses" for different industries, in the light of regional economic development, and set up an alliance of green businesses on digital platforms to publicize epidemic prevention and green consumption measures, so that consumers can be inspired and informed by the open and transparent information available.

针对上述“绿色安心联盟”中的商家，专题政策研究组建议可专门设计绿色消费券进行单独发放或与其他消费券“打包”发放，并在满减额度、折扣力度、使用期限以及优惠券数量等方面给予绿色消费券更大的支持力度，引导公众消费绿色产品、到绿色商家进行消费。

For businesses in the alliance, the research team suggests that green consumption vouchers can be distributed separately or "packaged" with others. They propose greater support for green consumption vouchers in terms of reductions, discounts, service and quantity, so as to guide the public to consume green products and to shop in green businesses.

为鼓励公众绿色低碳的消费行为，专题政策研究组建议可识别并记录消费者使用绿色消费券及其他日常生活中的绿色低碳消费行为，以碳积分的方式给予相应奖励，并给予消费者优先用碳积分兑换消费券等权利。

To encourage the public's green and low-carbon consumption behavior, the research team suggests that governments should identify and record consumers' consumption by green vouchers and other low-carbon behaviors in daily life. Then they should reward greener consumers with carbon credits and privileges which they can exchange for more vouchers or other rights.

另外，可以综合运用绿色消费券及其配套优惠措施，支持符合条件的中小商户逐步实现绿色转型和可持续发展。例如，除通过发放消费券外，武汉还为小微商户提供7折优惠利率的贷款，全面推进武汉生活服务业的复苏。专题政策研究组认为这一举措值得借鉴，建议对符合条件的绿色中小企业在融资以及税务方面提供更多的优惠服务，从而促进经济的绿色复苏。

Furthermore, green consumption vouchers and supporting preferential measures can be combined to support small and medium-sized businesses to gradually achieve green transformation and sustainable development. For example, in addition to consumption vouchers, Wuhan in Hubei province also offered loans with a 30 percent discount to small and micro-sized businesses, to help the city's service sector bounce back. The research team believes that this measure is valuable and it proposes more preferential services to qualified green small and medium-sized enterprises in financing and taxation, in order to promote economic recovery in a green way.